Transcript: Four years of ISO 45001
文本内容：ISO 45001的这四年

You can listen to the podcast directly, where LRQA interviews Martin Cottam, our Group Technical Assurance & Quality Director, or you can read the transcript below.
您可以直接收听LRQA采访我们集团技术保障及质量总监Martin Cottam的音频，您也可以阅读下面的文字记录。

How do you feel ISO 45001 has performed in the four years since its publication especially given how much the world of work has changed in that time?
您觉得ISO 45001在发布后的这四年里表现如何，特别是这几年我们的工作世界发生了这么多变化?

Well my sense is that ISO 45001 has been well received by users and that its recognised as a step forward from OSHAS 18001 in a number of areas. I guess in particular at leadership, worker consultation and participation, and perhaps most particularly the requirements around context of the organisation and that emphasis that the management system needs to be tailored to really reflect the particular circumstances of each organisation.
嗯，我觉得ISO 45001已经为广大使用者所接受，它被认为是OSHAS 18001在许多方面的进步。我想尤其表现在领导作用、员工磋商和参与方面，或者最突出表现在组织环境的要求方面，它强调管理体系的建立需要量体裁衣，才能真正反映每个组织的特殊情况。

Now the standard also benefits from alignment with the other ISO management system standards through the adoption of the Annex SL harmonised approach and that means of course it shares a common structure and identical high level text with widely adopted standards such as ISO 9001 for quality management and ISO 14001 for environmental management.
现在，该标准也同样受益于采用附录SL这一协调方法，与其它ISO管理体系标准保持一致。这也意味着它与被广泛采用的其它标准，比如ISO 9001质量管理和ISO 14001环境管理标准，共享一致的通用架构和相同的高层次文本。

But yes, the Covid pandemic has had a significant impact on the world of work right across the globe and I’ve been encouraged by the fact that the framework of ISO 45001 is sufficiently generic and flexible to enable organisations to adapt their OHS arrangements to address the situations created by Covid. Indeed that framework itself based on the plan, do, check, act cycle and the emphasis on leadership, worker consultation and participation has really provided the means through which organisations could make those necessary changes effectively, evaluate the impact of those changes and then improve as necessary. And that closed loop of act, measure, move on and improve, of course has been so important in what has been a very dynamic situation with the Covid pandemic, very fast moving at times. And to me this has re-enforced my sense that an effective management system is not so much about compliance but about providing the organisation with capability and its that capability to adapt and to drive improvement which in turn I think contributes to resilience and to sustainability.
但是是的，新冠疫情已经对全球范围内的工作世界产生重大影响，有一个事实也一直鼓励着我，即ISO 45001的框架足够通泛且灵活，使组织能够根据疫情造成的实际情况来调整他们对职业健康安全OHS的部署。事实上，由于这个框架本身基于策划-实施-检查-处置（PDCA）循环周期以及对领导作用、员工磋商和参与的强调，它确实提供了一种方法，通过这种方法，组织可以有效地做出必要的改变，评估这些变化的影响，然后在必要时进行改进。这种采取措施、测量、继续前进和改进的闭环管理，在新冠疫情大流行这一异常动态的情况下非常重要，因为有时变化非常迅速。对于我来说，这再次强化了我的感觉，即一个有效的管理体系不是关于标准的合规性，而是为组织提供能力，它的适应能力和推动改进的能力；反过来，我认为这有助于组织提高韧性和可持续性。

Now the pandemic of course has shone a particular spotlight on the issue of workers psychological health and safety and so 2021 really was the perfect time therefore for us to have completed and published ISO 45003, our guidance standard on managing psychosocial risks in the workplace. And I think this is an area where guidance was really needed both to help organisations better understand what ISO 45001 requires of them, but also to provide guidance on how to tackle those issues. Issues which have often tended to be neglected or dealt with only reactively. I think it will make a big difference to worker health and safety if organisations address workers psychological health and safety proactively, and just like we do for physical safety aim to eliminate hazards and minimise risks before harm occurs rather than focusing on rehabilitating workers after they have suffered harm.
现在，疫情大流行之下，员工的心理健康和安全问题已引起了特别关注。也因此，我们于2021年这一最佳时机完成并发布ISO 45003 - 这是我们管理工作场所心理社会风险的指导标准。我认为这是一个真正需要指导的领域，既可以帮助组织更好地理解ISO 45001对他们的要求，也可以为组织如何解决这些问题提供指导。这些问题往往会被忽略或只是被动地处理。我想如果组织主动解决员工心理健康和安全问题，那它会对员工的健康和安全产生很大的影响，就像我们对人身安全所做的那样，在危害发生前消除危险源，最小化风险，而不是专注在他们遭受伤害之后进行恢复。

Great and being very specific for a moment, what about remote working, how well does the ISO 45001 address that?
好的，非常具体，那关于远程工作，ISO 45001在这方面做得如何?

Well ISO 45001 defines a workplace as anywhere a worker needs to go or to be for work purposes recognising that the degree of control that the organisation has over that workplace may vary. So of course remote working is covered by that definition not least of course because remote working was a feature of some workers lives long before the pandemic and at the time when ISO 45001 was first being written.
ISO 45001将工作场所定义为在组织控制下，人员因工作需要而处于或前往的场所，并且指出组织对工作场所的控制程度是不同的。因此，远程工作当然也包括在这个定义中，尤其是因为远在疫情大流行之前以及ISO 45001第一次编写之时，远程工作就是一些人员的工作方式。

But having said that, the amount of remote working brought it back by the pandemic and the fact that for many it became the only way of working and the fact that it was implemented almost over night in some cases due to national lockdowns, those things have all brought challenges both in terms of the physical work environment for some of those working remotely and the psychosocial impacts. And of course let’s remember it’s not just those working from home, there’s also been effects on those having to spend much more extended periods away from families, seafarers being one such affected group about which we’ve heard quite a lot in the media.
话虽如此，疫情爆发还是增加了远程工作的数量，事实上，对许多人来说，远程工作成为了唯一的工作方式，而且由于疫情封锁，在某些情况下，远程工作几乎是在一夜之间进行的，这些都给远程工作的人员带来了物理工作环境和心理社会方面的挑战。当然，让我们记住不仅仅是那些在家工作的人，还有那些不得不离家更长时间的人，海员就是其中一个受影响的群体，我们在媒体上听到过很多这样的事。

So ISO 45001 contains the requirement for the organisation to address remote working, its in meeting those requirements of course that the challenges come. 45001 provides the framework in which to do it, 45003 provides useful guidance. And given that we’re often talking about workplaces which are not under the control of the organisation it really falls to that element of consultation and participation which is so strongly emphasised in ISO 45001 to be that key element which brings success when trying to address remote working.
因此ISO 45001包含了组织如何解决远程工作的要求，当然，在满足这些要求时，挑战就来了。ISO 45001提供了如何做的框架，ISO 45003则提供了有用的指导。考虑到我们经常谈论的工作场所是不受组织控制的，员工协商和参与就显得非常重要，这在ISO 45001中也被大力强调，也是成功解决远程工作问题的关键因素。

Are there any areas where you feel improvement is needed now or will be needed soon?
您觉得现在还有哪些地方需要改进，或者需要尽快改进的?

There’s one in particular. We’ve been recently quite concerned to see the results of some research carried out by ISO last year. The research actually was looking specifically at gender responsiveness across a number of ISO standards and they chose to include ISO 45001, but in fact the findings are really applicable much more broadly across all aspects of diversity and inclusion. And those results were actually not very positive and they came as something of a surprise to us in the technical committee responsible for ISO 45001 because we had discussed these issues quite frequently and we thought we had addressed them in the drafting of our documents.
有一个尤其需要。我们最近非常关注ISO组织去年做的研究结果。这项研究实际上专门关注ISO若干标准中的性别反应，ISO 45001标准也被选中。但事实上，研究结果确实适用于更广泛的多样性和包容性。这些结果不是很积极，这让我们ISO 45001技术委员会感到惊讶，因为我们之前经常讨论这些问题，我们认为在起草文件时已经解决了这些问题。

But actually what the research highlighted was that the words we use to address inclusivity are often quite bland and generic and you’ll see phrases such as addressing the needs of all workers. Now often in earlier drafts of the standard, we provided much more specific examples and you would have seen references to considering the needs of older workers, pregnant women, younger workers, workers with disabilities, those much more specific points. But these have often been replaced with the much more generic phrase consider the needs of all workers in later iterations of the document partly with a view to making the standard a bit more compact. But what the research has shown us is that users don’t always think beyond their own experience and if something isn’t explicit in the standard its often overlooked and sometimes in fact examples are treated as definitive lists. And the result of all that is that when we use very bland and generic phrases many organisations rather miss the point or they interpret what we say quite narrowly and then in reality don’t end up really addressing the needs of all workers, and so if we’re going to get that point across more effectively, we’re going to need to use much more explicit language.
但实际上，研究结果突显的是，我们用来描述包容性的词汇往往过于平淡和通用，你会看到诸如解决所有工作人员的需求这样的短语。通常在标准的早期草案中，我们会提供更具体的例子，你会看到提到说考虑老年员工、孕妇、年轻员工、残疾员工的需求这样更具体的点。但是这些经常被更通用的短语所取代，在标准文件的后续版本中只提到考虑所有工作人员的需求，一部分目的是使标准更紧凑一些。但研究表明，使用者并不总是超越自己的经验来使用标准，如果标准中没有明确说明某一件事，那这件事往往会被忽略，而事实上，标准中出现的例子有时会被视为权威列表。这样的结果是，若我们使用非常平淡通泛的短语，许多组织会抓不住要领，或者很狭隘地理解标准要求，然后在现实中最终并不能够解决所有工作人员的需求。所以如果我们要更有效地传达这一点，我们需要使用更明确的语言。

So what we’re doing right now is to revisit the language in the guidance standards that we’re currently developing and of course that may help if the guidance emphasises how to interpret these rather generic phrases and gives the examples which we’ve ended up not including in ISO 45001 itself. But we will ultimately also need to adjust the language of ISO 45001 when the opportunity comes to revise the standard. But in the meantime, we need to try and reinforce this important message through engagement with users and other interested parties including certification bodies just to remind people what those phrases mean and the need to think broadly about the implications of making sure that all worker needs are addressed.
因此我们现在要做的是，重新审视我们目前正在制定的指导标准中的语言，当然，如果指导标准能明确如何解释这些通用短语，并给出我们最终没有包含在ISO 45001标准的例子，可能对大家会有帮助。但当有机会修订标准时，我们最终也需要调整ISO 45001的语言。但与此同时，我们需要尝试并强化这一重要信息，通过与使用者和其他相关方（包括认证机构）的接触，提醒人们这些短语的含义，并提醒他们全盘思考确保所有工作人员的需求得到满足的影响。

What’s your view on the uptake of the ISO 45001 standard, is it matching your expectations?
您对ISO 45001标准被使用有什么看法？它符合您的期望吗?

I was looking at the data on this in preparation for this conversation and it’s really quite interesting. ISO reported the results of its most recent survey of ISO management system standard certification numbers just in the autumn of last year and actually it’s a snapshot of data which itself was taken on the 31st of December 2020. And of the several tens of ISO management system standards which specify requirements and that can be used for a basis for certification, ISO 45001 is now in third place after ISO 9001 for quality and 14001 for environment. And just to give you some sense of the numbers there, because there’s quite a gap between first, second and third. ISO 9001 the survey indicated there were 916,000 certificates globally covering around 1.3 million sites. For ISO 14001 there were 348,000 certificates covering 568,000 sites, so roughly half I would say very approximately. And then for 45001, 190,000 certificates covering 251,000 sites so again stepping down by quite a margin.
在为这次对话做准备时，我看到了相关数据，这真的很有趣。就在去年秋天，ISO组织报告了其对ISO管理体系标准认证数量的最新调查结果，实际上，这是2020年12月31日采集的数据快照。在数十个规定了要求并可作为认证基础的ISO管理体系标准中，ISO 45001目前在质量标准ISO 9001和环境标准ISO 14001之后排名第三。让你们对这些数字有一些概念，因为第一，第二和第三之间有很大的差距。ISO 9001的调查显示，全球共有91.6万张证书，覆盖约130万个现场。ISO 14001有34.8万张证书，覆盖56.8万个现场，粗略看大约是ISO 9001的一半。然后是ISO 45001，共有19万张证书覆盖25.1万个现场，所以又有相当大的差距。

But the growth rates are also interesting because there’s been annual growth rate of 4% for ISO 9001 certification, 12% for 14001 for environment. The figure for ISO 45001 was 490% annual growth but of course you know the devils in the detail there. The prior year was very early in the transition period for certification to migrate from OHSAS 18001 to ISO 45001, so there were relatively few certifications at that point. Obviously, that’s changed hugely over the last twelve months, but interestingly the figures I’ve just been quoting certainly for 45001 they are still within the transition period and so I think we can reasonably expect some further growth in the subsequent months and we should see that through in next years survey figures.
但增长速度也很有趣，因为ISO 9001认证的年增长率为4%，ISO 14001认证的年增长率为12%。ISO 45001的这个数字则是490%的年增长率。当然，你也要知道其中细节。前一年是OHSAS 18001认证向ISO 45001认证转换时期的早期，所以当时的认证数量相对较少。显然，过去12个月发生了巨大变化，但有趣的是我刚才引用的有关ISO 45001的数据仍发生在过渡时期，所以我认为我们可以合理地预期在未来的几个月会有进一步发展，这在未来几年的调查数据中我们也应该能看到。

But what I also hear from certifiers is that as well as the almost total migration of OHSAS certified organisations to ISO 45001 there are also significant numbers of organisations certifying their OHS management system for the very first time because there is now an ISO standard available and I think that’s a trend that will continue given that there are a number of factors I think currently which are increasing the focus on occupational health and safety in organisations. And I’m thinking here not just of the Covid pandemic which has been a factor, but I think equally the increasing profile of so called ESG considerations in business, that’s environment, social and governance, and an interest I think increasingly being taken in that for example by the investor community. And then I think there’s also a broader interest in resilience and in sustainability into which of course OHS obviously plays quite significantly to.
但我也从认证机构中听到，除几乎完全从OHSAS转换到ISO 45001的组织之外，也有相当数量的组织是第一次进行OHS管理体系认证，因为现在它是一个ISO标准，而且鉴于目前有许多因素使组织增加对职业健康安全的关注，我认为这种趋势将继续。我想这里不仅由于Covid疫情这一个因素，我认为同样重要的是，在商业中，对ESG(环境、社会和治理)的考虑越来越多，以及投资者群体对这方面越来越感兴趣。我认为人们对组织韧性和可持续性也有更广泛的兴趣，职业健康安全显然在这方面发挥着重要作用。

So when I look at numbers of certificates, I think I’m seeing steady progress but I’m also seeing a long way to go as I certainly believe that ultimately, we should expect to see at least as many organisations certified for OHS as a certified for environmental management which in turn would suggest we could expect to more or less double the number of certificates from where we are today.
所以当我看到证书数量时，我认为我看到了稳健的进步，但同时我也看到还有很长的路要走，因为我坚信，最终我们将看到至少有跟获得环境管理认证一样多的组织获得职业健康安全认证，这反过来意味着我们可以期待未来证书数量比我们现在的数量要多一倍。

But it’s really important for me to be clear that certainly from, as a standard writer this is not all about certification, its not only about certificate numbers because certification is only one option open to organisations who use the standard. As standard writers, we’re interested that organisations use the standard to help them improve their OHS performance, that’s the primary driver. Whether that means they certify at some point or chose never to certify is a different question, its just that its much more difficult for us to obtain data on how many organisations are making use of the standard without pursuing certification.
但对我来说，很重要的一点是，作为一个标准编写者，这不只是关乎认证，也不仅仅是关乎证书数量，因为认证只是标准使用组织的一个选择。作为标准编写者，我们感兴趣的是组织使用标准来帮助他们提升职业健康安全方面的表现，这是主要的驱动因素。他们是否在某个时候进行认证，或者选择不进行认证，这是另一个问题，只是对于我们来说，在没有认证的情况下，获取关于有多少组织使用标准的数据要困难得多。

But there are certainly clear signs of a continuing growth of interest internationally for example, the standard has recently been adopted as a national standard in Jordan and because of that its now published in Arabic and I think that will have quite an impact on take up in the Middle East for example. The standard’s been adopted another example in Australia and New Zealand and that’s certainly leading to it now being sighted increasingly in tender requirements for some government contracts and referenced in legislation. But there are still quite a number of areas of the world particularly developing countries where there’s a lot more to do to raise awareness of ISO 45001 although there are some great efforts being made in some of those countries as we ourselves found as a standards committee when we last met face to face in Rwanda in Africa in 2019.
但目前国际上对ISO 45001标准的兴趣明显有持续增长的迹象，例如，最近该标准在约旦被纳为国家标准，阿拉伯语版标准也因此发布。我认为这对中东地区有相当大的影响。还有个例子是，澳大利亚和新西兰也采用了该标准，这也使它越来越频繁地出现在一些政府合同的招标要求中，并在立法中被引用。但全球仍然有相当多的地区，特别是发展中国家，对ISO 45001的认识仍有待提高，虽然这些国家有些已经采取了一些努力，就像我们标准委员会2019年在非洲卢旺达会面时发现的那样。

But I think our biggest challenge with uptake is with small and medium sized enterprises or organisations, the so called SME sector. The SME sector actually dominates the global economy and the organisations within it are rarely able to employee OHS specialists so they often struggle with OHS issues and also struggle knowing what help is available and they are often very unaware of the existence of standards. So our guidance is very often not available to them when actually we’re trying very hard to write it with them as part of our target audience.
但我认为我们在标准采用方面遇到的最大挑战来自于中小企业或组织，也就是SME企业。SME中小企业实际上主导着全球经济，但这些组织几乎很少有能力聘用职业健康安全专家，所以他们经常为职业健康安全问题所困，不知道可以得到什么帮助，而他们往往也不知道标准的存在。所以我们的标准指导文件通常不能为他们所用，就算我们在编写文件时很努力地将他们作为我们的目标受众。

I think its also fair to say though, that standards while claiming to be applicable to organisations of any size are often written in a language which actually in reality is more accessible to and more reflective of larger organisations and that’s for example why we as a standards committee published the so called ISO 45001 handbook, or to give it its proper title Practical Guide for Smaller Organisations. And its also why we have two members of the leadership team of our standards committee specifically focused on the needs of and engagement with those smaller organisations.
不过我想可以这么说，尽管标准声称适用于任何规模的组织，但它通常使用的编写语言实际上更容易为较大型的组织接受，也更能体现较大型组织，这也是我们作为标准委员会出版ISO 45001手册（或者给它起个合适的名字——《较小型组织实用指南》的初衷。这也是为什么我们标准委员会领导团队中有两名成员专门关注那些较小组织的需求和参与。

And in the same way, we’ve formed within our committee a developing country coordination group to help us ensure we reflect the needs of developing countries and support efforts to increase awareness and adoption of our standards in those countries. Because I think if we could make progress with engagement with and use of the standard both in developing countries generally and by smaller organisations, we really could have a huge impact in helping organisations to drive forward improvement in their OHS performance.
同时，我们在委员会内部成立了一个发展中国家协调小组，致力于确保我们反映了发展中国家的需求，并支持做出努力来提高这些国家对标准的认识和使用。我认为，如果我们能够在发展中国家和小型组织中通过参与和使用该标准来取得进展，那我们就可以在帮助组织推动他们改进职业健康安全绩效方面带来巨大影响。

So what’s in the pipeline for TC 283?
TC 283接下来的计划是什么?

Well we have three guidance standards currently under development. ISO 45002 is the first and that is a general guidance standard to help with implementation of the requirements of ISO 45001. So for those familiar with the previous OHSAS 18001 standard you’ll recall that there was an implementation guide OHSAS 18002, well this is more or less the equivalent thing here ISO 45002. That’s now reached draft international standard stage and is due for publication later this year. Now based on the hundreds of comments received on the draft international standard I think its more or less guaranteed that we will have one extra iteration and publish a so called FDIS or Final Draft International Standard and ballot that before, as the basis for the published version. So I think while we are hopeful, we can publish this year, I am guessing with that extra iteration to go through we’ll be talking about closer to the end of the year for that publication.
我们目前有三个指导标准正在制定中。第一个是ISO 45002，即帮助实施ISO 45001要求的一般指导标准。熟悉原来OHSAS 18001标准的人应该会记得有一个叫OHSAS 18002的实施指南，ISO 45002就跟这个类似。现在ISO 45002正处于国际标准草案阶段，将于今年晚些时候发布。根据已收到的关于此国际标准草案的数百条意见，我认为这或多或少说明我们将会有一次额外更新，并发布FDIS或叫国际标准最终草案，在此之前会进行投票，作为最终版本发布的基础。所以我认为，虽然我们希望可以在今年发布，但若需要进行额外更新的话，可能要到年底才能发布了。

The other documents we are working on are not quite so far advanced. ISO 45004 is a guidance document on OH&S performance evaluation and that’s due to be published in 2024 so works at a much earlier stage still at the so called working draft stage. It will obviously then progress along the same path to a Draft International Standard and ultimately publication.
我们正在编制的其他文件仍处于初期阶段。ISO 45004是关于职业健康安全绩效评估的指导文件，将于2024年发布，目前还处于工作草案阶段。显然它也将沿着相同的轨迹发展为国际标准草案，直至最终发布。

And our third standard currently being developed is ISO 45006 which is on preventing and managing infectious diseases in the workplace and that’s also on a trajectory to publish in 2024. I think that that one is probably progressing just that little bit faster than 45004 and its possible we might publish that in 2023 depending on the reaction and the comments received when we put the subsequent iterations out.
我们目前正在制定的第三个标准是ISO 45006，它是关于预防和管理工作场所的传染病的，也将在2024年发布。我觉得该标准的进度可能比ISO 45004快一点，有可能在2023年发布，这也取决于我们发布后续草案时收到的反馈和意见。

What can you tell us about whether and when ISO 45001 might be revised?
关于ISO 45001是否会修订，或何时修订，您有什么可以跟我们分享的?

We have just received the results of a ballot of national standards bodies conducted late last year in which we asked them this very question, should we being work on the revision of ISO 45001, and somewhat surprisingly at least speaking from a personal perspective, a large majority of countries responded by asking us to leave the standard unchanged for the time being. And I was a little surprised by that in the sense that what we were consulting them about was beginning a revision process that was anyway likely to take three years and therefore was likely to result in publication of a revision of the standard no sooner than 2025 which we know would then be seven years after the original publication. So I had thought that there might be some appetite for us beginning that work but that’s not the case and we’ve been asked to pause a little longer.
我们刚刚收到去年年底各国家标准机构的投票结果，在投票中我们问了他们这个问题，我们是否应该进行ISO 45001的修订工作，至少从个人角度来说结果有点令人惊讶：绝大多数国家的反馈是要求我们暂时保持该标准不变。我有点惊讶，因为我们问的是开始修订过程，无论如何可能需要三年才能完成修订版，也就是最后发布修订标准的时间不会早于2025年，到时距离初版发布将有七年之久。因此我原以为我们会开始这项工作，但事实并非如此，我们被要求再暂停一段时间。

Now of course we’ll respect what the national standards bodies have told us and we will be leaving the standard unchanged, confirmed is the technical term for that. But what we will also do and in fact what we are currently doing is balloting the formation of a working group to do some preliminary work to look at what a potential revision to the standard might look like and to do that work in the background over the next year or so. And the things that that group can do it will examine feedback from the national standards bodies some of which of course did respond saying that they thought a revision would be timely and suggesting areas where change maybe needed.
现在，我们当然会尊重各个国家标准机构的意见，我们将保持标准不变，技术术语是确定的。但是我们会做，事实上我们正在做的是，投票成立一个工作组来做一些基础工作，看看标准可能的修订会怎样，可能未来一年左右会在后台做这个工作。这个小组所能做的就是评审来自各个国家标准机构的反馈，其中有些国家标准机构反馈说，他们认为修订是必要的，并提出建议说明哪些地方可能需要修改。

We’ll also be looking at feedback from our annual ISO 45001 user survey where respondents have told us things about which parts of the standard they feel work well, which parts are difficult to understand, we always ask the question are the requirements too onerous, are they not onerous enough, so we’ll be looking at that feedback. And I think the group may well also elicit feedback directly from users perhaps through a further survey and we’ll certainly make some use of social media I think to engage with users and see if we can get feedback on their thoughts on where change maybe needed.
我们也会评审ISO 45001使用者的年度调查，这些受访者在调查中告诉我们，他们认为标准的哪些部分运作良好，哪些部分很难理解；我们也总会问这样的问题：标准要求是过分严格，还是不够严格？所以我们会看使用者的反馈。我认为工作组也可以通过进一步的调查，直接从使用者那里得到反馈。我们肯定也会利用一些社交媒体与使用者互动，看看我们是否可以从他们的想法中得到反馈，了解他们认为哪些地方需要进行改变。

We can also look of course at how we need to adjust the standard to reflect the latest version of the Annex SL harmonised structure and text common across all the ISO management system standards and look at how we adjust the language to address the ISO research on inclusivity which I described earlier. And that would, I think, all be good preparatory work to enable us at some future date to ask national standards bodies again whether its time to initiate a revision, perhaps this time presenting them with a draft to illustrate the sort of changes that we might be proposing or would consider.
当然我们也会看看如何调整标准来反映最新版附录SL统一架构和通用文本要求，以便跟所有ISO管理体系标准保持一致，同时也会看看我们如何调整语言来解决我前面提到的关于ISO包容性的问题。我认为这都是很好的准备工作，这样我们在未来某个时间可以再次询问各个国家标准机构是否是时候启动修订，也许到时会向他们展示修订草案，以说明我们可能会提出或考虑的变化。

And that work can also incorporate ideas from our task group which is exploring emerging themes and issues affecting OHS and its management and that’s looking at whether and to what extent our standards should be adjusted to make sure they address the OHS impacts arising from issues such as climate change, new technologies, demographic change in the workplace, quite significant, and also those blurring of boundaries of the workplace that we touched on earlier.
这项工作还可以融合我们工作组的想法，工作组更探索影响职业健康安全的新主题和问题及其管理，看看是否修改标准以及在多大程度上修改，以确保他们应对因为气候变化、新技术、工作场所的人口变化等问题带来的对OHS的影响，非常重要的是还有我们之前提到的关于工作场所边界模糊的问题。

So in terms of timeframe, I think realistically the earliest that we might approach national standards bodies again with a question about possible revision of ISO 45001 will be in about 18 to 24 months’ time and so even if with the benefit of that preliminary work, we were able to do the subsequent development of a revised version of the standard a bit more quickly because we’ve done that preparatory draft, I think the earliest likely publication date for a revision of ISO 45001 is probably going to be 2026.
所以说到时间框架，我认为现实地说，我们最早可能在18到24个月之后才能与各个国家标准机构接触，以推进ISO 45001修订问题。而且即便我们有了初步工作成果，完成了预备草案，能较快地进行标准修订的后续工作，我认为ISO 45001修订版最早发布日期也可能要到2026年。